What Is Hepatitis?

World hepatitis day 2022 data

World Hepatitis Day

is observed each year on 28 July to raise awareness of viral hepatitis, which causes inflammation of the liver that leads to severe disease and liver cancer.

The world is currently facing a new outbreak of unexplained acute hepatitis infections affecting children. WHO, together with scientists and policymakers in affected countries, are working to understand the cause of this infection that does not appear to belong to any of the known 5 types of hepatitis viruses: A,B,C,D, and E. 

This new outbreak brings focus on thousands of acute viral hepatitis infections that occur among children, adolescents and adults every year. 

Most acute hepatitis infections cause mild disease and even go undetected. But in some cases, they can lead complications and be fatal. In 2019 alone, an estimated 78 000 deaths occurred worldwide due to complications of acute hepatitis A to E infections.

Global efforts prioritize the elimination of the hepatitis infections B, C and D infections. Unlike acute viral hepatitis, these 3 infections cause chronic hepatitis that lasts for several decades and culminate in over 1 million deaths per year from cirrhosis and liver cancer. 

These 3 types of chronic hepatitis infections are responsible for over 95% of hepatitis deaths. While we have the guidance and tools to diagnose, treat, and prevent chronic viral hepatitis, these services are often out of reach of communities and are sometimes only available at centralized/specialized hospitals.

On World Hepatitis Day 2022, WHO is highlighting the need for bringing hepatitis care closer to the primary health facilities and communities so that people have better access to treatment and care, no matter what type of hepatitis they may have.

WHO aims to achieve hepatitis elimination by 2030. To get there, WHO calls on countries to achieve specific targets:

Reduce new infections of hepatitis B and C by 90%;

Reduce hepatitis related deaths from liver cirrhosis and cancer by 65%;

Ensure that at least 90% of people with hepatitis B and C virus are diagnosed; and

At least 80% of those eligible receive appropriate treatment.

Source: World Health Organization

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